This paper also discusses theories , characters , applications of the three following algorithms of terrain matching system : terrain contour matching ( tercom ) , terrain - aided inertial navigation system , wavelet transform , the simulation results are provided 論文先后討論了地形輪廓匹配算法、卡爾曼濾波地形輔助導航算法、小波分層算法的原理、特點、適用范圍,做了仿真研究,比較了它們的匹配性能和相關特點。
In this paper , the main research works are as follows : 1 ) survey and analysis previous work in auv navigation and summarize : as the cumulate error , the dead - reckoning and inertial navigation systems ca n ' t be used without other modified system ; the acoustic navigation system is used only in small range , and is very expensive . 2 ) two important approaches in geophysical navigation techniques are summarized , one is terrain contour based navigation , this approach is investigated keystone today ; the other is image based navigation , due to no perfect image sensors and image seabed map , this approach has seldom been practised . 3 ) two important terrain contour based navigation algorithms has been applied to auv , one is match algorithm - based terrain contour match ( tercom ) ; the other is kalman filter - based sandia inertia terrain - aided navigation ( sitan ) 主要研究內(nèi)容包括:一、總結(jié)分析了當前水下導航的常用方法和不足之處,指出基于航位推算的導航方法,存在著最大的問題就是導航誤差的積累問題,如果沒有修正系統(tǒng),這種方法很難滿足使用要求;其次指出基于聲學的導航方法,造價昂貴,導航范圍有限,難以滿足自主水下航行器大范圍導航的需求;二、總結(jié)了當前水下地形輔助導航的主要技術路線,一是基于地形高程的匹配方法,這是當前研究的重點;二是基于地形圖像的匹配方法,由于缺乏良好的圖像傳感器,和可用的海底圖像地圖,目前這種方法還有待研究發(fā)展;三、將兩種地形高程匹配的常用方法應用到自主水下航行器上:以相關算法為前提的地形輪廓匹配( tercom )方法和以卡爾曼濾波為基礎的桑迪亞慣性地形輔助導航( sitan )方法,前者算法簡單可靠,但是導航精度不高,后者雖然精度比較高,但存在著算法較為復雜、有可能發(fā)散和出現(xiàn)奇異值等問題。